Understanding the Differences: FWS Issues WBCA vs. CITES, but Both Require Foreign CITES for Import/Export of Bird Species
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) issues permits under both the Wild Bird Conservation Act (WBCA) and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). While both acts aim to protect wildlife, they serve different purposes and have distinct requirements. However, both require foreign CITES permits for the import/export of bird species.
The Wild Bird Conservation Act (WBCA)
The WBCA was enacted to ensure that the import, export, and sale of wild birds do not harm their populations in the wild. It focuses specifically on non-native birds and requires permits for their importation into the United States. The WBCA aims to promote the conservation of wild birds and their habitats by regulating their trade. This act helps protect species such as parrots, songbirds, and other non-native birds that may be at risk due to international trade.
The Wild Bird Conservation Act (WBCA) focuses on non-native bird species that are imported into the United States. Some examples of bird species that would be covered under the WBCA include:
- Parrots (e.g., African Grey Parrots, Macaws)
- Cockatoos
- Finches
- Canaries
- Budgerigars (excluded from CITES but still regulated under WBCA)
- Pigeons
- Doves
These species are protected to ensure that their trade does not harm wild populations and that their importation is biologically sustainable
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)
CITES is a global treaty that aims to ensure that international trade in wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. It provides a framework for regulating the trade of species listed in its Appendices, which are categorized based on the level of protection they need. CITES permits are required for the import/export of bird species listed in its Appendices, whether they are live birds, parts, products, or eggs.
Why Both Require Foreign CITES Permits
Despite the differences between the WBCA and CITES, both require foreign CITES permits for the import/export of bird species because they both involve the international trade of wildlife. When importing or exporting a bird species listed under CITES, a permit from the foreign country’s Management Authority is necessary to ensure that the trade is legal and sustainable. This requirement helps to prevent illegal wildlife trade and ensures that bird species are traded in a manner that does not threaten their survival in the wild.
Conclusion
In summary, while the WBCA and CITES have different focuses and requirements, both require foreign CITES permits for the import/export of bird species to ensure the protection and conservation of these animals. Understanding these requirements is crucial for anyone involved in the trade of wild birds.